18 U.S.C. § 1001 – Statements or entries generally (false statements to the federal government)
This law makes it a federal crime to lie, hide facts, or submit false documents in matters involving the United States government.
Section 1001 applies when someone knowingly and intentionally makes false or misleading statements in matters handled by the federal government. This includes communications with federal agencies, investigators, regulators, or officials during investigations, applications, audits, or other official business.
What the law prohibits.
A person violates this statute if they knowingly and willfully:
- Falsify, conceal, or cover up a material fact through a trick, scheme, or device.
- Make a materially false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement to a federal agency or official.
- Use or submit a false writing or document knowing it contains false or misleading information.
A fact is considered material if it has the potential to influence a federal decision, investigation, or action. The government does not need to prove that the false statement actually changed the outcome.
This statute generally applies to matters within the jurisdiction of the executive, legislative, or judicial branches of the federal government. However, it typically does not apply to statements made by parties or their attorneys directly to a judge during a court proceeding, which are governed by separate perjury laws.
Penalties.
Violations of § 1001 can result in:
- up to 5 years in federal prison, or
- up to 8 years in prison if the case involves terrorism-related matters,
- fines, or
- both imprisonment and fines.
If you’re under investigation for making statements to federal authorities, call (314) 900-HELP or contact our criminal defense attorneys to understand your rights.
